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《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第3期 页码 416-431 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021412
Absolute yield and land use efficiency can be higher in multicrops. Though this phenomenon is common, it is not always the case. Also, these two benefits are frequently confused and do not necessarily occur together. Cropping choices become more complex when considering that multicrops are subject to strong spatial and temporal variation in average soil moisture, which will worsen with climate change. Intercropping in agroecosystems is expected to buffer this impact by favoring resistance to reduced humidity, but there are few empirical/experimental studies to validate this claim. It is not clear if relatively higher multicrop yield and land use efficiency will persist in the face of reduced soil moisture, and how the relation between these benefits might change. Here, we present a relatively simple framework for analyzing this situation. We propose a relative multicrop resistance (RMR) index that captures all possible scenarios of absolute and relative multicrop overyield under water stress. We dissect the ecological components of RMR to understand the relation between higher multicrop yield and land use efficiency and the ecological causes of different overyield scenarios. We demonstrate the use of this framework with data from a 128 microplot greenhouse experiment with small annual crops, arranged as seven-species multicrops and their corresponding monocrops, all under two contrasting watering regimes. We applied simple but robust statistical procedures to resulting data (based on bootstrap methods) to compare RMR, and its components, between different plants/plant parts. We also provide simple graphical tools to analyze the data.
关键词: agroecosystem sustainability crop overyielding intercrop drought resistance overyield ecological components
APPLE SUMO E3 LIGASE MDSIZ1 NEGATIVELY REGULATES DROUGHT TOLERANCE
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第2期
Drought stress typically causes heavy losses in apple production and uncovering the mechanisms by which apple tolerates drought stress is important in apple breeding. MdSIZ1 is a SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) E3 ligase that promotes SUMO binding to substrate proteins. Here, we demonstrate that MdSIZ1 in apple has a negative relationship with drought tolerance. MdSIZ1 RNAi transgenic apple trees had a higher survival rate after drought stress. During drought stress they had higher leaf water potential, reduced ion leakage, lower H2O2 and malondialdehyde contents, and higher catalase activity. In addition, MdSIZ1 RNAi transgenic plants had a higher net photosynthetic rate during the latter period of drought stress. Finally, the transgenic apple trees also altered expression levels of some microRNAs in response to drought stress. Taken together, these results indicate that apple MdSIZ1 negatively regulates drought stress by enhancing leaf water-holding capacity and antioxidant enzyme activity.
APPLE SUMO E3 LIGASE MDSIZ1 NEGATIVELY REGULATES DROUGHT TOLERANCE
Baohua CHU, Jia SUN, Huan DANG, Ziqing MA, Shuang ZHAO, Qingmei GUAN, Xuewei LI
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 页码 247-261 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021388
李玉中,王春乙,程延年
《中国工程科学》 2012年 第14卷 第9期 页码 85-89
介绍了干旱以及干旱对作物的影响,概述了农业防灾减灾的主要工程措施,这些工程措施包括集水工程、蓄水工程、覆盖抑蒸工程、节水灌溉工程、人工增雨防旱工程、抗旱种衣剂包衣工程,并介绍了这些工程的应用效果。
APPLE SUMO E3 LIGASE MDSIZ1 NEGATIVELY REGULATES DROUGHT TOLERANCE
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第4期 页码 662-662 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021408
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第2期
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) genes encode highly hydrophilic proteins that are essential in abiotic stress responses. However, most LEA genes in higher plants have not yet been investigated. This study identified an LEA family gene (PtrLEA7) from Poncirus trifoliata and studied its function in drought tolerance. The full-length coding sequence of PtrLEA7 was 420 bp encoding a protein of 139 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis shows that PtrLEA7 protein belongs to the LEA_4 subfamily. Expression profiling by qPCR found that PtrLEA7 was strongly induced by dehydration, cold and ABA treatments, and slightly induced by salt stress. Subcellular localization reveals that PtrLEA7 protein was located in both cytoplasm and nucleus. To investigate its function, transgenic plants of both tobacco and Poncirus trifoliata overexpressing PtrLEA7 were obtained. Stress tolerance assays show that overexpression lines had enhanced dehydration and drought tolerance compared with wild type plants, indicating that PtrLEA7 positively regulates drought tolerance. In addition, transgenic plants had much higher expression levels of three antioxidant enzyme genes (CAT, SOD and POD) and significantly increased catalase enzyme activity, accompanied by reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation in comparison with wild type plants. Collectively, this study demonstrates that PtrLEA7 can confer enhanced drought tolerance partially via enhancing antioxidant capacity.
Tonglu WEI, Dalong GUO, Jihong LIU
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 页码 236-246 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020368
关键词: abiotic stress antioxidant drought late embryogenesis abundant Poncirus trifoliata
Growth and abscisic acid responses of
Yue LI, Liqiang WAN, Yufei WANG, Xianglin LI
《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第5卷 第1期 页码 80-86 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017199
关键词: abscisic acid alfalfa drought response growth stage water deficit
谷艳芳,丁圣彦,高志英,邢倩
《中国工程科学》 2012年 第14卷 第3期 页码 59-64
于2005—2006年在中国科学院封丘农田生态实验站研究了不同水分处理下冬小麦光合产物分配格局及其动态。实验设全生育期干旱处理和充分供水处理以及干旱后拔节期、孕穗期、开花期复水处理。结果显示:不同生育期复水对冬小麦由于干旱胁迫引起的生物量下降有补偿作用;干旱和复水能改变器官水平上光合产物的分配格局;干旱胁迫引起叶、穗分配降低,并使茎、叶鞘和根分配指数上升;拔节期复水使叶光合产物分配指数增加、茎分配指数下降;孕穗期和开花期复水能提高光合产物在茎和穗中的分配;不同时期复水对干旱胁迫引起的产量下降均有不同程度的补偿作用,拔节期复水主要提高小麦单株穗数、孕穗期和开花期复水以提高千粒重为主。
Prevalence of antifolate drug resistance markers in in China
《医学前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第1期 页码 83-92 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0894-x
关键词: drug resistance antifolates molecular markers Plasmodium vivax China
Metagenomic analysis on resistance genes in water and microplastics from a mariculture system
《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第1期 页码 4-4 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1438-y
Microplastics existing widely in different matrices have been regarded as a reservoir for emerging contaminants. Mariculture systems have been observed to host microplastics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, more information on proliferation of ARGs and metal resistance genes (MRGs) in mariculture system at the presence of microplastics is needed.
关键词: Antibiotic resistance genes Metal resistance genes Metagenomic analysis Microplastics Mariculture
Taking advantage of drug resistance, a new approach in the war on cancer
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第4期 页码 490-495 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0647-7
Identification of the driver mutations in cancer has resulted in the development of a new category of molecularly targeted anti-cancer drugs. However, as was the case with conventional chemotherapies, the effectiveness of these drugs is limited by the emergence of drug-resistant variants. While most cancer therapies are given in combinations that are designed to avoid drug resistance, we discuss here therapeutic approaches that take advantage of the changes in cancer cells that arise upon development of drug resistance. This approach is based on notion that drug resistance comes at a fitness cost to the cancer cell that can be exploited for therapeutic benefit. We discuss the development of sequential drug therapies in which the first therapy is not given with curative intent, but to induce a major new sensitivity that can be targeted with a second drug that selectively targets the acquired vulnerability. This concept of collateral sensitivity has hitherto not been used on a large scale in the clinic and holds great promise for future cancer therapy.
关键词: cancer drug resistance genetic screens senescence targeted therapy
Targeting apoptosis to manage acquired resistance to third generation EGFR inhibitors
《医学前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第5期 页码 701-713 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0951-0
关键词: acquired resistance EGFR inhibitor apoptosis lung cancer
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
HOW MULTISPECIES INTERCROP ADVANTAGE RESPONDS TO WATER STRESS: A YIELD-COMPONENT ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK
期刊论文
APPLE SUMO E3 LIGASE MDSIZ1 NEGATIVELY REGULATES DROUGHT TOLERANCE
Baohua CHU, Jia SUN, Huan DANG, Ziqing MA, Shuang ZHAO, Qingmei GUAN, Xuewei LI
期刊论文
OVEREXPRESSION OF PTRLEA7, A LATE EMBRYOGENESIS ABUNDANT FAMILY GENE FROM PONCIRUS TRIFOLIATA, CONFERS ENHANCED DROUGHT
期刊论文